Dr. Clay focuses primarily on the determinants of human rights practices, collective dissent, political violence, and economic development. He also has a strong research interest in the international diffusion of local outcomes, as well as the institutions, organizations, and processes that generate such diffusion. He is actively involved in the measurement of human rights practices, as exhibited by his work as co-director of the CIRI Human Rights Data Project, as well as his ongoing work with the Worker Rights in Law & Practice Data Project and the Sub-National Analysis of Repression Project (SNARP).