Dr. Peterson's research interests lie within the specialty of pediatric psychology, addressing the neurocognitive and psychological issues associated with chronic medical conditions in childhood. Specifically, she is interested in the neuropsychological sequelae of childhood cancer treatment and their associated psychological outcomes, including the impact on academic achievement, quality of life, family burden, and family intervention. Additionally, she has published on other pediatric medical populations, including type 1 diabetes, sickle cell disease, and recurrent pain. Current lab projects include: mixed-methods assessment, including survey and focus group research, of information needs in parents of childhood cancer survivors; research examining cognitive functioning, coping, and family functioning in youth with recurrent headache; a series of studies examining the psychosocial impact of life-threatening food allergies; and a study examining parent-physician communication about ADHD treatment.